Shale

I-Shale rock iyidwala elicwengekile le-sedimentary elakhiwa ngokuyinhloko ngamaminerali obumba.. Ingenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zamatshe e-sedimentary futhi ivame ukutholakala ezindaweni lapho kube nokunqwabelana okukhulu kodaka noma ubumba., njengasezindaweni zamachibi, i-delta yomfula, kanye nezitsha ezijulile zolwandle.

Ukwakheka kwe-Shale kusuka ekuqoqweni kwezinhlayiya ezinhle, kuhlanganise nobumba, udaka, kanye nezinto eziphilayo, ezihlala ezindaweni ezithule zamanzi futhi kancane kancane ziminyene ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. I-Shale ivame ukugqitshwa, ungqimba ngalunye lumelele inkathi yenhlabathi, futhi ingabonakala ngokuqhekeka kwesici noma ikhono lokuqhekeka libe izingqimba ezincanyana.

I-Shale ngokuvamile inombala ompunga noma omnyama, kodwa ingatholakala nangemithunzi ensundu, obomvu, futhi eluhlaza. Umbala we-shale uvame ukunqunywa inani lezinto eziphilayo eziqukethe, namazinga aphezulu ezinto eziphilayo eziholela emibaleni emnyama.

I-Shale inezinhlobonhlobo zezakhiwo zomzimba, kuye ngokubunjwa kwayo kanye nendawo eyakhiwe kuyo. Ngokuvamile idwala elithambile elingaklwejwa kalula ngozipho, kodwa futhi kungaba nzima kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside, kuncike ekusimeni nasekuhlanganisweni kwayo.

I-Shale iyidwala elibalulekile ngoba ngokuvamile liqukethe amanani abalulekile kawoyela negesi yemvelo. Lawa ma-hydrocarbon avaleleke ezikhaleni ezincane phakathi kwezinhlayiya zobumba lwe-shale futhi angakhishwa ngokuqhekeka kwe-hydraulic noma “i-fracking.” I-Shale iqukethe namanye amaminerali, njenge-pyrite, i-calcite, kanye ne-quartz, engasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zezimboni.

I-Shale isetshenziselwe izinjongo ezihlukahlukene emlandweni, kubandakanya njengempahla yokwakha, njengomthombo oyinhloko kaphethiloli, futhi njengendlela yokubonisa ubuciko. Namhlanje, isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ezinsizeni zayo zamandla, kodwa futhi isetshenziswa embonini yezokwakha njengento ebiza kancane yokwakha umgwaqo, umugqa wokulahla imfucuza, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.